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Lignin-derived dual-function red light carbon dots for hypochlorite detection and anti-counterfeiting

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第7期   页码 966-975 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2244-1

摘要： The efficient utilization of natural lignin, which is the main by-product of the cellulose industry, is crucial for enhancing its economic value, alleviating the environmental burden, and improving ecological security. By taking advantage of the large sp2 hybrid domain of lignin and introducing amino functional groups, new lignin-derived carbon dots (SPN-CDs) with red fluorescence were successfully synthesized. Compared with green and blue fluorescent materials, red SPN-CDs have desirable anti-interference properties of short-wave background and exhibit superior luminescence stability. The SPN-CDs obtained exhibited sensitive and distinctive visible color with fluorescence-dual responses toward hypochlorite. Considering this feature, a portable, low-cost, and sensitive fluorescence sensing paper with a low limit of detection of 0.249 μmol∙L–1 was fabricated using the SPN-CDs for hypochlorite detection. Furthermore, a new type of visible-light and fluorescence dual-channel information encryption platform was constructed. Low-concentration hypochlorite can be employed as an accessible and efficient information encryption/decryption stimulus, as well as an information “eraser”, facilitating a safe and diversified transmission and convenient decryption of information. This work opens new avenues for high-value-added applications of lignin-based fluorescent materials.

关键词： alkali lignin     red light carbon dots     hypochlorite     encryption and anti-counterfeiting    

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Facile strategy for carbon foam fabrication with lignin as sole feedstock and its applications

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第8期   页码 1051-1064 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2248-x

摘要： This research is a follow-up to our recent discovery of a facile strategy for directly converting lignin powder into carbon foam. In this work, we report that the thermal pretreatment parameters in air can remarkably influence the formation and properties of the derived carbon foam. Thermal pretreatment parameters (heating rate, temperature, and residence time) were systematically investigated and a conversion mechanism into carbon foam was proposed. During the thermal pretreatment, relatively low temperatures, low heating rates, and short residence time hindered the formation of smooth and well-connected structures in the carbon foam. The overall product yields were similar regardless of the thermal pretreatment conditions. The densities of the different carbon foams ranged 0.27–0.83 g∙cm−3. The carbon foams with the highest compressive strengths (> 10 MPa) were KLPC280-2-5, KLPC300-0-5, and KLPC300-2-2.5. KLPC280-2-5 exhibited a high iodine sorption value (182 mg∙g−1). KLPC300-2-5 exhibited a specific capacitance of 158 F∙g−1 at a current density of 0.05 A∙g−1. The maximum evaporation rates in the solar vapor generation experiments were 1.05 and 1.38 kg∙m−2∙h−1 under 100 and 150 mW∙cm−2 irradiation, respectively. The good performances are attributed to the robust, porous, and continuous structure.

关键词： lignin     carbon foam     thermal pretreatment     solar vapor generation    

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Construction of interfacial dynamic bonds for high performance lignin/polymer biocomposites

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第10期   页码 1372-1388 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2302-3

摘要： Lignin is the largest natural aromatic biopolymer, but usually treated as industrial biomass waste. The development of lignin/polymer biocomposites can promote the high value utilization of lignin and the greening of polymers. However, the weak interfacial interaction between industrial lignin and polymer induces poor compatibility and serious agglomeration in polymer owing to the strong intermolecular force of lignin. As such, it is extremely difficult to prepare high performance lignin/polymer biocomposites. Recently, we proposed the strategy of in situ construction of interfacial dynamic bonds in lignin/polymer composites. By taking advantage of the abundant oxygen-containing polar groups of lignin, we inserted dynamic bonding connection such as hydrogen bonds and coordination bonds into the interphase between lignin and the polymer matrix to improve the interfacial interactions. Meanwhile, the natural amphiphilic structure characteristics of lignin were utilized to construct the hierarchical nanophase separation structure in lignin/polymer composites. The persistent problems of poor dispersity and interfacial compatibility of lignin in the polymer matrix were effectively solved. The lignin-modified polymer composites achieved simultaneously enhanced strength and toughness. This concise review systematically summarized the recent research progress of our group toward building high-performance lignin/polymer biocomposites through the design of interfacial dynamic bonds (hydrogen bonds, coordination bonds, and dynamic covalent bonds) between lignin and different polymer systems (polar plastics, rubber, polyurethane, hydrogels, and other polymers). Finally, the future development direction, main challenges, and potential solutions of lignin application in polymers were presented.

关键词： lignin     polymer     interfacial dynamic bonds    

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Fabricating sustainable lignin-derived porous carbon as electrode for high-performance supercapacitors

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第8期   页码 1065-1074 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2313-0

摘要： Lignocellulosic biomass such as plants and agricultural waste are ideal to tackle the current energy crisis and energy-related environmental issues. Carbon-rich lignin is abundant in lignocellulosic biomass, whose high-value transformation and utilization has been the most urgent problem to be solved. Herein, we propose a method for the preparation of porous carbon from lignin employing an H3PO4-assisted hydrothermal method. We characterize the as-prepared lignin-derived porous carbon and investigate its potential for energy storage. After assisted hydrothermal treatment followed by carbonization at 800 °C, the lignin-derived porous carbon displays a high specific capacitance (223.6 F·g–1 at 0.1 A·g–1) and excellent cycling ability with good capacitance retention. In this present study, the resultant lignin-derived porous carbon was used as the electrode of a supercapacitor, illustrating yet another potential high-value use for lignin, namely as a candidate for the sustainable fabrication of main supercapacitor components.

关键词： lignin     porous carbon     electrode     supercapacitor    

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Investigation of the roles of lignin in biomass-based hydrogel for efficient desalination

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第7期   页码 954-965 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2311-2

摘要： The shortage of freshwater has become a global challenge, and solar-driven interfacial evaporation for desalination is a promising way to alleviate the crisis. To develop highly efficient and environmentally friendly photothermal evaporator, the hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC)/alkaline lignin (AL)/graphene oxide (GO) hydrogels (CLGs) with remarkable evaporative performance were successfully fabricated by a facile sol–gel method using biomass residues. The influence of AL content on the physicochemical properties of the evaporator was investigated. The increasing content of AL improves the mechanical properties, saturated water content and crosslink density of the hydrogels. The designed materials exhibit outstanding thermal insulation capacity (the thermal conductivity of less than 0.05 W·m–1·K–1) and high light absorption capacity of more than 97%. The solar evaporation efficiency and water evaporation rate of the HEC/64 wt % of AL/GO hydrogels (CLG4) achieve 92.1% and 2.55 kg·m–2·h–1 under 1 sun, respectively. The salt resistance test results reveal that the evaporation rate of the CLG4 can still reach 2.44 kg·m–2·h–1 in 3.5 wt % NaCl solution. The solar evaporation rate of the CLG4 can maintain in the range of 2.45–2.59 kg·m–2·h–1 in five cycles. This low-cost lignin-based photothermal evaporator offers a sustainable strategy for desalination.

关键词： lignin     photothermal     cellulose     desalination     hydrogel    

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The preparation and performance of lignin-based activated carbon fiber adsorbents for treating gaseous

Min Song, Wei Zhang, Yongsheng Chen, Jinming Luo, John C. Crittenden

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第3期   页码 328-337 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1646-y

摘要： Two types of lignin-based carbon fibers were prepared by electrospinning method. The first was activated with Fe O (LCF-Fe), and the second was not activated with Fe O (LCF). Gas phase adsorption isotherms for toluene on LCF-Fe and LCF were studied. The gas phase adsorption isotherm for 0% RH showed LCF-Fe have about 439 mg/g adsorption capacity which was close to that of commercially available activated carbon (500 mg/g). The Dubinin-Radushkevich equation described the isotherm data very well. Competitive adsorption isotherms between water vapor and toluene were measured for their RH from 0 to 80%. The effect of humidity on toluene gas-phase adsorption was predicted by using the Okazaki et al. model. In addition, a constant pattern homogeneous surface diffusion model (CPHSDM) was used to predict the toluene breakthrough curve of continuous flow-packed columns containing LCF-Fe, and its capacity was 412 mg/g. Our study, which included material characterization, adsorption isotherms, kinetics, the impact of humidity and fixed bed performance modeling, demonstrated the suitability of lignin-based carbon fiber for volatile organic compound removal from gas streams.

关键词： lignin     carbon fiber     electrospinning     toluene     humidity    

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Efficient conversion of lignin to alkylphenols over highly stable inverse spinel MnFeO catalysts

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第8期   页码 1085-1095 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2236-1

摘要： The aromatic properties of lignin make it a promising source of valuable chemicals and fuels. Developing efficient and stable catalysts to effectively convert lignin into high-value chemicals is challenging. In this work, MnFe2O4 spinel catalysts with oxygen-rich vacancies and porous distribution were synthesized by a simple solvothermal process and used to catalyze the depolymerization of lignin in an isopropanol solvent system. The specific surface area was 110.5 m2∙g–1, which substantially increased the active sites for lignin depolymerization compared to Fe3O4. The conversion of lignin reached 94%, and the selectivity of alkylphenols exceeded 90% after 5 h at 250 °C. Underpinned by characterizations, products, and density functional theory analysis, the results showed that the catalytic performance of MnFe2O4 was attributed to the composition of Mn and Fe with strong Mn–O–Fe synergy. In addition, the cycling experiments and characterization showed that the depolymerized lignin on MnFe2O4 has excellent cycling stability. Thus, our work provides valuable insights into the mechanism of lignin catalytic depolymerization and paves the way for the industrial-scale application of this process.

关键词： lignin depolymerization     spinel     catalysts     hydrogenation    

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Layered alkali titanates (ATiO): possible uses for energy/environment issues

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期   页码 631-655 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0776-6

摘要： Uses of layered alkali titanates (A2TinO2n+1; Na2Ti3O7, K2Ti4O9, and Cs2Ti5O11) for energy and environmental issues are summarized. Layered alkali titanates of various structural types and compositions are regarded as a class of nanostructured materials based on titanium oxide frameworks. If compared with commonly known titanium dioxides (anatase and rutile), materials design based on layered alkali titanates is quite versatile due to the unique structure (nanosheet) and morphological characters (anisotropic particle shape). Recent development of various synthetic methods (solid-state reaction, flux method, and hydrothermal reaction) for controlling the particle shape and size of layered alkali titanates are discussed. The ion exchange ability of layered alkali titanate is used for the collection of metal ions from water as well as a way of their functionalization. These possible materials design made layered alkali titanates promising for energy (including catalysis, photocatalysts, and battery) and environmental (metal ion concentration from aqueous environments) applications.

关键词： layered alkali titanates     photocatalysis     hydrogen evdution     metal ions collection    

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碱硅酸反应与碱碳酸盐反应

唐明述

《中国工程科学》 2000年 第2卷 第1期   页码 34-40

摘要：

碱集料反应（AAR）可分为两类，即碱硅酸反应（ASR）与碱碳酸盐反应（ACR）。二者的共同点是与碱发生的化学反应可导致混凝土中集料的体积增大，从而可能使混凝土甚至整个建筑物或构筑物发生膨胀开裂。文章着重从膨胀过程和机理以及岩石的结构特征探讨二者的特性与差异。ASR类型岩石具有碱活性的前提条件是较低的二氧化硅结晶完整度。只有隐晶质、微晶质、玻璃质或发生过应变的二氧化硅才会具有较高的化学活性，导致混凝土破坏。通过系统研究证实，对碱碳酸盐反应，虽然结晶的完整程度以及白云石（CaCO3·MgCO3）分子式中Ca/Mg比也将影响其与碱反应的速率，但起决定作用的是白云石晶体的尺寸及其在岩石中的分布状态和被基质包围的紧密程度。从微观结构得出的这些特征将有助于加深对碱集料反应膨胀机理的认识。文中还介绍了形成活性白云石的地质环境和碱硅酸反应与碱碳酸盐反应的区分方法。

关键词： 碱     集料     硅酸     碳酸盐     混凝土开裂     机理    

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The development of ultralightweight expanded perlite-based thermal insulation panel using alkali activator

Damla Nur ÇELİK; Gökhan DURMUŞ

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第11期   页码 1486-1499 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0881-6

摘要： The International Energy Agency (IEA) states that global energy consumption will increase by 53% by 2030. Turkey has 70% of the world’s perlite reserves, and in order to reduce energy consumption a thermal insulation panel was developed in Turkey using different particle sizes of expanded perlite (EP). In this study, 0–1.18 mm (powder) and 0–3 mm (granular) EP particle sizes were selected, since they have the lowest thermal conductivity coefficients among all the particle sizes. In addition, an alkali activator solution was used as a binder in the mixtures. The alkaline activator solution was obtained by mixing sodium hydroxide solution (6, 8, 10, and 12 mol·L−1) and sodium silicate (Module 3) at the different ratios of Na2SiO3 to NaOH of 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5. This study aimed to experimentally determine the optimum binder and distribution ratio of EP, with the lowest coefficient of thermal conductivity and the lowest density. The lowest thermal conductivity and the lowest density were determined as 0.04919 W·m−1·K−1 and 133.267 kg/m3, respectively, in the sample prepared with 83.33% powder-size EP, 6 mol·L−1 sodium hydroxide solution, and ratio of Na2SiO3 to NaOH of 1.5. The density, thermal conductivity, and compressive strength of the sample showed the same trends of behavior when the Na2SiO3 to NaOH ratio was increased. In addition, the highest compressive strength was measured in 12 mol·L−1 NaOH concentration regardless of particle size. In conclusion, the study predicts that the EP-based thermal insulation panel can be used as an insulation material in the construction industry according to the TS825 Thermal Insulation Standard.

关键词： expanded perlite     alkali activator     thermal insulation panel     thermal conductivity    

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Protective effects of lignin fractions obtained from grape seeds against bisphenol AF neurotoxicity via

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第7期   页码 976-989 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2237-0

摘要： Lignin exhibits antioxidative and various other biological properties. However, its neuroprotection capability has rarely been studied. In this study, three types of lignin with different structures were prepared from grape seeds by using different isolation techniques. The antioxidative and neuroprotective effects of the lignin fractions were evaluated with the apoptosis model of murine neuroectodermal (NE-4C) neural stem cells stimulated with bisphenol AF. The results demonstrated that the half maximal inhibitory concentration for scavenging 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl with water-soluble lignin (L-W, 58.19 μg·mL–1) was lower than those of lignin in the autohydrolyzed residue of grape seeds (84.27 μg·mL–1) and original lignin in grape seeds (99.44 μg·mL–1). BPAF exposure had negative effects on the reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde content, and superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in NE-4C cells, which can be reversed by using the prepared lignin to reduce oxidative stress. An immunofluorescence assay demonstrated that grape seed lignin induced protective effects on BPAF-injured NE-4C cells via the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related Factor 2 pathway. In addition, correlational analyses showed that lignin (L-W) with lower molecular weights and noncondensed phenolic hydroxyl group content and higher contents of COOH groups effectively prevented cell apoptosis, scavenged reactive oxygen species, and ensured protection from nerve injury. This study demonstrated that grape seed lignin can be used as a neuroprotective agent and serves as a demonstration of active lignin production from grape seed waste.

关键词： grape seed lignin     structure     antioxidant     NE-4C cells     neuroprotection    

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Utilization of alkali-activated copper slag as binder in concrete

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期   页码 773-780 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0722-z

摘要： This study was focused on developing concrete using alkali-activated copper slag (AACS) as a binder. The properties of alkali-activated copper slag concrete (AACSC) were compared with portland cement concrete (PCC). Different AACSC mixes were prepared with varying Na2O dosage (6% and 8% of the binder by weight) and curing methods. Hydration products in AACSC were retrieved using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) techniques. The test results indicate that the workability of AACSC was lesser than that of PCC. The AACSC mix with 6% Na2O dosage has exhibited similar mechanical properties as that of PCC. The mechanical properties of AACSC were higher than PCC when 8% of Na2O dosage was used. Heat curing was effective to upgrade the strength properties of AACSC at an early age of curing, but at a later age mechanical properties of ambient cured and heat-cured AACSC were comparable. The hydration products of AACSC were not identified in XRD patterns, whereas, in FTIR spectra of AACSC some alkali-activated reaction products were reflected. The AACSC mixes were found to be more sustainable than PCC. It has been concluded that AACSC can be produced similarly to that of PCC and ambient curing is sufficient.

关键词： binder     concrete     mechanical properties     mineralogy     workability    

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Preparation of lignin/TiO2 nanocomposites and their application in aqueous polyurethane coatings

Dongjie Yang, Shengyu Wang, Ruisheng Zhong, Weifeng Liu, Xueqing Qiu

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第1期   页码 59-69 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1712-0

摘要： A simple method using a water soluble lignin quaternary ammonium salt (LQAS) and TiO has been developed for the preparation of lignin/TiO nanocomposites in an aqueous medium under mild conditions. The LQAS/TiO nanocomposites contain well-dispersed small particles with excellent ultraviolet (UV) shielding abilities and good compatibilities with waterborne polyurethane (WPU). When the LQAS/TiO nanocomposites were blended with WPU, the UV absorbance and the tensile ductility of the WPU increased significantly. The composite WPU hybrid film containing 6 wt-% LQAS/TiO nanocomposite had the highest visible light transmittance and had excellent ultraviolet aging properties. After 192 h of UV light irradiation, the tensile strength of the composite film was above 8 MPa and the elongation at break was 800%. This work highlights new possibilities for the utilization of alkali lignin.

关键词： lignin     TiO2     nanocomposite particle     polyurethane film    

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Lignin-based electrospun nanofiber membrane decorated with photo-Fenton Ag@MIF-100(Fe) heterojunctions

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第7期   页码 930-941 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2309-9

摘要： Membrane technology for wastewater remediation has aroused wide interest owing to its unique properties and potential applications. However, it remains challenging to explore green, efficient and robust membrane material and technique for complex wastewater treatment. Herein, we proposed using a simple electrospinning and in situ seeding method to fabricate a lignin-based electrospun nanofiber membrane (LENM) decorated with photo-Fenton Ag@MIL-100(Fe) heterojunctions for efficient separation of oil/water emulsions and degradation of organic dye. Thanks to the embedded lignin in LENM, an ultrahigh MIL-100(Fe) loading (53 wt %) with good wettability and high porosity was obtained. As a result, the hybrid Ag@MIL-100(Fe)/LENM exhibited excellent oil/water emulsions separation efficiency (more than 97%) without a compromise of water flux. Moreover, the hybrid membrane showed an excellent dye removal with degradation of 99% methylene blue within 30 min under illumination, which is attributed to a synergy of dye adsorption/enrichment and photo-Fenton catalytic degradation from Ag@MIL-100(Fe). Therefore, the lignin-based photo-Fenton hybrid membrane can lay the foundation for the preparation and application of green, sustainable and versatile membrane materials and technologies for efficient complex wastewater remediation.

关键词： lignin     electrospinning     heterojunctions     photo-Fenton catalysis     wastewater remediation    

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Catalytic fast pyrolysis of Kraft lignin with HZSM-5 zeolite for producing aromatic hydrocarbons

Xiangyu LI, Lu SU, Yujue WANG, Yanqing YU, Chengwen WANG, Xiaoliang LI, Zhihua WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第3期   页码 295-303 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0410-2

摘要： Catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of Kraft lignins with HZSM-5 zeolite for producing aromatics was investigated using analytical pyrolysis methods. Two Kraft lignins were fast pyrolyzed in the absence and presence of HZSM-5 in a Curie-point pyrolyzer. Without the catalyst, fast pyrolysis of lignin predominantly produced phenols and guaiacols that were derived from the subunits of lignin. However, the presence of HZSM-5 changed the product distribution dramatically. As the SiO /Al O ratio of HZSM-5 decreased from 200 to 25 and the catalyst-to-lignin ratio increased from 1 to 20, the lignin-derived oxygenates progressively decreased to trace and the aromatics increased substantially. The aromatic yield increased considerably as the pyrolysis temperature increased from 500°C to 650°C, but then decreased with yet further increase of pyrolysis temperature. Under optimal reaction conditions, the aromatic yields were 2.0 wt.% and 5.2 wt.% for the two lignins that had effective hydrogen indexes of 0.08 and 0.35.

关键词： lignin     catalytic fast pyrolysis     HZSM-5     zeolite     aromatic hydrocarbon    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Lignin-derived dual-function red light carbon dots for hypochlorite detection and anti-counterfeiting

期刊论文

Facile strategy for carbon foam fabrication with lignin as sole feedstock and its applications

期刊论文

Construction of interfacial dynamic bonds for high performance lignin/polymer biocomposites

期刊论文

Fabricating sustainable lignin-derived porous carbon as electrode for high-performance supercapacitors

期刊论文

Investigation of the roles of lignin in biomass-based hydrogel for efficient desalination

期刊论文

The preparation and performance of lignin-based activated carbon fiber adsorbents for treating gaseous

Min Song, Wei Zhang, Yongsheng Chen, Jinming Luo, John C. Crittenden

期刊论文

Efficient conversion of lignin to alkylphenols over highly stable inverse spinel MnFeO catalysts

期刊论文

Layered alkali titanates (ATiO): possible uses for energy/environment issues

期刊论文

碱硅酸反应与碱碳酸盐反应

唐明述

期刊论文

The development of ultralightweight expanded perlite-based thermal insulation panel using alkali activator

Damla Nur ÇELİK; Gökhan DURMUŞ

期刊论文

Protective effects of lignin fractions obtained from grape seeds against bisphenol AF neurotoxicity via

期刊论文

Utilization of alkali-activated copper slag as binder in concrete

期刊论文

Preparation of lignin/TiO2 nanocomposites and their application in aqueous polyurethane coatings

Dongjie Yang, Shengyu Wang, Ruisheng Zhong, Weifeng Liu, Xueqing Qiu

期刊论文

Lignin-based electrospun nanofiber membrane decorated with photo-Fenton Ag@MIF-100(Fe) heterojunctions

期刊论文

Catalytic fast pyrolysis of Kraft lignin with HZSM-5 zeolite for producing aromatic hydrocarbons

Xiangyu LI, Lu SU, Yujue WANG, Yanqing YU, Chengwen WANG, Xiaoliang LI, Zhihua WANG

期刊论文